12 factors that contributed to Smart City hardships.
In Bas Boorsma’s book, “A New Digital Deal. Beyond Smart Cities. How to Leverage Digitalization for the Benefit of our Communities” he has dedicated a chapter to lessons learned.
Sensative take: The failure often has an underlying reason; vertical solutions with locked-in data. This limits the usability of the harvested data, limits interoperability between organizations, prevents scalability, and limits access to legacy data and systems.
Lack of vision and architectural understanding is the real problem. The solution is horizontal open IoT, as provided by the Sensative Yggio platform.