The short answer; depends on what sensor, network, mounting place, and network conditions you have.
Z-Wave
Under “normal use,” following our recommendations, the battery life is expected to be 10 years. See this test and verification report.
LoRaWAN
Like Z-Wave Strips, they are optimized for low power consumption that, under the right circumstances, last 10 years, or more. However, this is highly dependent on the profile settings.